diff --git a/SPMS.API/Controllers/AuthController.cs b/SPMS.API/Controllers/AuthController.cs
index 5ea9567..907079b 100644
--- a/SPMS.API/Controllers/AuthController.cs
+++ b/SPMS.API/Controllers/AuthController.cs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Annotations;
 using SPMS.Application.DTOs.Auth;
 using SPMS.Application.Interfaces;
 using SPMS.Domain.Common;
+using SPMS.Domain.Exceptions;
 
 namespace SPMS.API.Controllers;
 
@@ -83,9 +84,7 @@ public class AuthController : ControllerBase
     {
         var adminIdClaim = User.FindFirst("adminId")?.Value;
         if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(adminIdClaim) || !long.TryParse(adminIdClaim, out var adminId))
-        {
-            return Unauthorized(ApiResponse<object>.Fail("101", "인증 정보가 유효하지 않습니다."));
-        }
+            throw SpmsException.Unauthorized("인증 정보가 유효하지 않습니다.");
 
         await _authService.LogoutAsync(adminId);
         return Ok(ApiResponse.Success());
@@ -116,9 +115,7 @@ public class AuthController : ControllerBase
     {
         var adminIdClaim = User.FindFirst("adminId")?.Value;
         if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(adminIdClaim) || !long.TryParse(adminIdClaim, out var adminId))
-        {
-            return Unauthorized(ApiResponse<object>.Fail("101", "인증 정보가 유효하지 않습니다."));
-        }
+            throw SpmsException.Unauthorized("인증 정보가 유효하지 않습니다.");
 
         await _authService.ChangePasswordAsync(adminId, request);
         return Ok(ApiResponse.Success());
diff --git a/SPMS.API/Controllers/ProfileController.cs b/SPMS.API/Controllers/ProfileController.cs
index b5c0795..db8479f 100644
--- a/SPMS.API/Controllers/ProfileController.cs
+++ b/SPMS.API/Controllers/ProfileController.cs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Annotations;
 using SPMS.Application.DTOs.Account;
 using SPMS.Application.Interfaces;
 using SPMS.Domain.Common;
+using SPMS.Domain.Exceptions;
 
 namespace SPMS.API.Controllers;
 
@@ -30,9 +31,7 @@ public class ProfileController : ControllerBase
     {
         var adminIdClaim = User.FindFirst("adminId")?.Value;
         if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(adminIdClaim) || !long.TryParse(adminIdClaim, out var adminId))
-        {
-            return Unauthorized(ApiResponse<object>.Fail("101", "인증 정보가 유효하지 않습니다."));
-        }
+            throw SpmsException.Unauthorized("인증 정보가 유효하지 않습니다.");
 
         var result = await _authService.GetProfileAsync(adminId);
         return Ok(ApiResponse<ProfileResponseDto>.Success(result));
@@ -49,9 +48,7 @@ public class ProfileController : ControllerBase
     {
         var adminIdClaim = User.FindFirst("adminId")?.Value;
         if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(adminIdClaim) || !long.TryParse(adminIdClaim, out var adminId))
-        {
-            return Unauthorized(ApiResponse<object>.Fail("101", "인증 정보가 유효하지 않습니다."));
-        }
+            throw SpmsException.Unauthorized("인증 정보가 유효하지 않습니다.");
 
         var result = await _authService.UpdateProfileAsync(adminId, request);
         return Ok(ApiResponse<ProfileResponseDto>.Success(result));
diff --git a/SPMS.API/Controllers/ServiceController.cs b/SPMS.API/Controllers/ServiceController.cs
index 36eb0df..0f8801e 100644
--- a/SPMS.API/Controllers/ServiceController.cs
+++ b/SPMS.API/Controllers/ServiceController.cs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Annotations;
 using SPMS.Application.DTOs.Service;
 using SPMS.Application.Interfaces;
 using SPMS.Domain.Common;
+using SPMS.Domain.Exceptions;
 
 namespace SPMS.API.Controllers;
 
@@ -33,9 +34,7 @@ public class ServiceController : ControllerBase
     {
         var adminIdClaim = User.FindFirst("adminId")?.Value;
         if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(adminIdClaim) || !long.TryParse(adminIdClaim, out var adminId))
-        {
-            return Unauthorized(ApiResponse<object>.Fail("101", "인증 정보가 유효하지 않습니다."));
-        }
+            throw SpmsException.Unauthorized("인증 정보가 유효하지 않습니다.");
 
         var result = await _serviceManagementService.CreateAsync(request, adminId);
         return Ok(ApiResponse<CreateServiceResponseDto>.Success(result));
diff --git a/SPMS.API/Program.cs b/SPMS.API/Program.cs
index 26dfdd7..d9831c5 100644
--- a/SPMS.API/Program.cs
+++ b/SPMS.API/Program.cs
@@ -20,7 +20,26 @@ builder.Services.AddApplication();
 builder.Services.AddInfrastructure(builder.Configuration);
 
 // ===== 3. Presentation =====
-builder.Services.AddControllers();
+builder.Services.AddControllers()
+    .ConfigureApiBehaviorOptions(options =>
+    {
+        options.InvalidModelStateResponseFactory = context =>
+        {
+            var fieldErrors = context.ModelState
+                .Where(e => e.Value?.Errors.Count > 0)
+                .SelectMany(e => e.Value!.Errors.Select(err => new FieldError
+                {
+                    Field = e.Key,
+                    Message = err.ErrorMessage
+                }))
+                .ToList();
+
+            var response = ApiResponseExtensions.ValidationFail(
+                ErrorCodes.BadRequest, "입력값 검증 실패", fieldErrors);
+
+            return new Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.BadRequestObjectResult(response);
+        };
+    });
 builder.Services.AddSwaggerDocumentation();
 builder.Services.AddJwtAuthentication(builder.Configuration);
 builder.Services.AddAuthorizationPolicies();
diff --git a/SPMS.Application/DTOs/Message/MessageValidationResultDto.cs b/SPMS.Application/DTOs/Message/MessageValidationResultDto.cs
index 67296db..c8427d0 100644
--- a/SPMS.Application/DTOs/Message/MessageValidationResultDto.cs
+++ b/SPMS.Application/DTOs/Message/MessageValidationResultDto.cs
@@ -1,13 +1,9 @@
+using SPMS.Domain.Common;
+
 namespace SPMS.Application.DTOs.Message;
 
 public class MessageValidationResultDto
 {
     public bool IsValid { get; set; }
-    public List<ValidationErrorDto> Errors { get; set; } = [];
-}
-
-public class ValidationErrorDto
-{
-    public string Field { get; set; } = string.Empty;
-    public string Message { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+    public List<FieldError> Errors { get; set; } = [];
 }
diff --git a/SPMS.Application/Services/MessageValidationService.cs b/SPMS.Application/Services/MessageValidationService.cs
index 24ec45e..bb2f513 100644
--- a/SPMS.Application/Services/MessageValidationService.cs
+++ b/SPMS.Application/Services/MessageValidationService.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using System.Text.Json;
 using SPMS.Application.DTOs.Message;
 using SPMS.Application.Interfaces;
+using SPMS.Domain.Common;
 
 namespace SPMS.Application.Services;
 
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ public class MessageValidationService : IMessageValidationService
 
     public MessageValidationResultDto Validate(MessageValidateRequestDto request)
     {
-        var errors = new List<ValidationErrorDto>();
+        var errors = new List<FieldError>();
 
         ValidateTitle(request.Title, errors);
         ValidateBody(request.Body, errors);
@@ -29,59 +30,59 @@ public class MessageValidationService : IMessageValidationService
         };
     }
 
-    private static void ValidateTitle(string title, List<ValidationErrorDto> errors)
+    private static void ValidateTitle(string title, List<FieldError> errors)
     {
         if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(title))
         {
-            errors.Add(new ValidationErrorDto { Field = "title", Message = "제목은 필수입니다." });
+            errors.Add(new FieldError { Field = "title", Message = "제목은 필수입니다." });
             return;
         }
 
         if (title.Length > MaxTitleLength)
-            errors.Add(new ValidationErrorDto { Field = "title", Message = $"제목은 {MaxTitleLength}자를 초과할 수 없습니다." });
+            errors.Add(new FieldError { Field = "title", Message = $"제목은 {MaxTitleLength}자를 초과할 수 없습니다." });
     }
 
-    private static void ValidateBody(string body, List<ValidationErrorDto> errors)
+    private static void ValidateBody(string body, List<FieldError> errors)
     {
         if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(body))
         {
-            errors.Add(new ValidationErrorDto { Field = "body", Message = "본문은 필수입니다." });
+            errors.Add(new FieldError { Field = "body", Message = "본문은 필수입니다." });
             return;
         }
 
         if (body.Length > MaxBodyLength)
-            errors.Add(new ValidationErrorDto { Field = "body", Message = $"본문은 {MaxBodyLength}자를 초과할 수 없습니다." });
+            errors.Add(new FieldError { Field = "body", Message = $"본문은 {MaxBodyLength}자를 초과할 수 없습니다." });
     }
 
-    private static void ValidateImageUrl(string? imageUrl, List<ValidationErrorDto> errors)
+    private static void ValidateImageUrl(string? imageUrl, List<FieldError> errors)
     {
         if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(imageUrl))
             return;
 
         if (!Uri.TryCreate(imageUrl, UriKind.Absolute, out var uri) ||
             (uri.Scheme != "http" && uri.Scheme != "https"))
-            errors.Add(new ValidationErrorDto { Field = "image_url", Message = "유효한 URL 형식이 아닙니다." });
+            errors.Add(new FieldError { Field = "image_url", Message = "유효한 URL 형식이 아닙니다." });
     }
 
-    private static void ValidateLinkUrl(string? linkUrl, List<ValidationErrorDto> errors)
+    private static void ValidateLinkUrl(string? linkUrl, List<FieldError> errors)
     {
         if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(linkUrl))
             return;
 
         if (!Uri.TryCreate(linkUrl, UriKind.Absolute, out _))
-            errors.Add(new ValidationErrorDto { Field = "link_url", Message = "유효한 URL 형식이 아닙니다." });
+            errors.Add(new FieldError { Field = "link_url", Message = "유효한 URL 형식이 아닙니다." });
     }
 
-    private static void ValidateLinkType(string? linkType, List<ValidationErrorDto> errors)
+    private static void ValidateLinkType(string? linkType, List<FieldError> errors)
     {
         if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(linkType))
             return;
 
         if (!AllowedLinkTypes.Contains(linkType.ToLowerInvariant()))
-            errors.Add(new ValidationErrorDto { Field = "link_type", Message = "link_type은 deeplink, web, none 중 하나여야 합니다." });
+            errors.Add(new FieldError { Field = "link_type", Message = "link_type은 deeplink, web, none 중 하나여야 합니다." });
     }
 
-    private static void ValidateData(string? data, List<ValidationErrorDto> errors)
+    private static void ValidateData(string? data, List<FieldError> errors)
     {
         if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(data))
             return;
@@ -91,17 +92,17 @@ public class MessageValidationService : IMessageValidationService
             using var doc = JsonDocument.Parse(data);
             if (doc.RootElement.ValueKind != JsonValueKind.Object)
             {
-                errors.Add(new ValidationErrorDto { Field = "data", Message = "data는 JSON 객체여야 합니다." });
+                errors.Add(new FieldError { Field = "data", Message = "data는 JSON 객체여야 합니다." });
                 return;
             }
         }
         catch (JsonException)
         {
-            errors.Add(new ValidationErrorDto { Field = "data", Message = "유효한 JSON 형식이 아닙니다." });
+            errors.Add(new FieldError { Field = "data", Message = "유효한 JSON 형식이 아닙니다." });
             return;
         }
 
         if (System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetByteCount(data) > MaxDataSizeBytes)
-            errors.Add(new ValidationErrorDto { Field = "data", Message = $"data는 {MaxDataSizeBytes / 1024}KB를 초과할 수 없습니다." });
+            errors.Add(new FieldError { Field = "data", Message = $"data는 {MaxDataSizeBytes / 1024}KB를 초과할 수 없습니다." });
     }
 }
diff --git a/SPMS.Domain/Common/ApiResponse.cs b/SPMS.Domain/Common/ApiResponse.cs
index a6282d2..744746a 100644
--- a/SPMS.Domain/Common/ApiResponse.cs
+++ b/SPMS.Domain/Common/ApiResponse.cs
@@ -34,3 +34,15 @@ public class ApiResponse<T> : ApiResponse
     public new static ApiResponse<T> Fail(string code, string msg)
         => new() { Result = false, Code = code, Msg = msg };
 }
+
+public class ValidationErrorData
+{
+    [JsonPropertyName("fieldErrors")]
+    public List<FieldError> FieldErrors { get; init; } = [];
+}
+
+public static class ApiResponseExtensions
+{
+    public static ApiResponse<ValidationErrorData> ValidationFail(string code, string msg, List<FieldError> fieldErrors)
+        => new() { Result = false, Code = code, Msg = msg, Data = new ValidationErrorData { FieldErrors = fieldErrors } };
+}
diff --git a/SPMS.Domain/Common/FieldError.cs b/SPMS.Domain/Common/FieldError.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a0af310
--- /dev/null
+++ b/SPMS.Domain/Common/FieldError.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+using System.Text.Json.Serialization;
+
+namespace SPMS.Domain.Common;
+
+public class FieldError
+{
+    [JsonPropertyName("field")]
+    public string Field { get; init; } = string.Empty;
+
+    [JsonPropertyName("message")]
+    public string Message { get; init; } = string.Empty;
+}